Who was the author of "The Octopus," which illustrates the struggle between monopolies and farmers?

The correct answer is Frank Norris, who authored "The Octopus." This novel, published in 1901, is a significant work of literature that explores the conflicts between farmers in California and the powerful railroad monopolies that dominated the economy at the time. Through fictional characters and dramatic storytelling, Norris vividly depicts the struggles of ordinary people against the oppressive forces of corporate power, highlighting the detrimental effects of monopolies on agriculture and rural life.

Norris effectively uses the octopus as a metaphor to illustrate how these monopolies extend their influence and control over the lives of farmers, much like an octopus's tentacles envelop its prey. This narrative reflects broader trends in American society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly the rising concern over monopolistic practices and the need for reform.

The other individuals listed, such as Henry Clews, Samuel Gompers, and Terence V. Powderly, were all influential figures in their own rights, often associated with finance, labor movements, and the push for workers' rights, but they do not have a direct connection to the themes or publication of "The Octopus."