Which group's exclusion from immigration exemplifies nativist sentiments in the late 19th century?

The exclusion of the Chinese from immigration in the late 19th century is a significant example of nativist sentiments prevalent during that time. This exclusion is best highlighted by the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which was the first major law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the United States.

Nativism, characterized by the belief that native-born Americans should have preferential treatment over immigrants, gained momentum during this period due to economic fears, cultural differences, and a growing sentiment that immigrants were taking jobs from native-born citizens. Chinese immigrants were often targeted due to their distinct cultural practices and the perception that they were economically undercutting wage standards in the labor market, especially in the Western states where many worked in railroads and mines.

The legislation specifically aimed at restricting Chinese immigration reflects the broader nativist attitudes of the time, indicating a fear and hostility towards different ethnicities. Other immigrant groups, such as the Irish, Germans, and Italians, faced discrimination and prejudice, but they were not subjected to such severe legal restrictions as the Chinese during this period. This stark contrast highlights the peak of nativist sentiment embodied in the legislation against Chinese immigrants.