What was the primary reason for the establishment of settlement houses in the late 19th century?

The establishment of settlement houses in the late 19th century primarily aimed to provide social services and assistance to newly arrived immigrants. As urban areas in the United States experienced a significant influx of immigrants during this period, many of these new arrivals faced numerous challenges, including poverty, lack of education, and difficulties in adapting to a new culture and society.

Settlement houses emerged as community centers that offered various services, such as education, childcare, healthcare, and job training. They served as a bridge for immigrants, helping them to navigate their new environment and integrate into American society. By addressing the immediate needs of immigrants and offering support structures, settlement houses played a crucial role in alleviating some of the hardships faced by these populations, thus contributing to their overall well-being and assimilation.

In contrast, providing housing for wealthy families, promoting cultural activities for native-born Americans, or serving as factories for newly arrived workers does not capture the primary mission of settlement houses, which focused on support and services for immigrant communities.