How were immigrants viewed in terms of their impact on society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many native-born Americans viewed immigrants as burdens rather than positive contributors to society. This perception was largely fueled by economic competition, as immigrants were often perceived as taking jobs away from native workers during an era of rapid industrialization and urbanization. The influx of immigrants also led to cultural and social tensions, as many native citizens felt threatened by the different languages, customs, and traditions brought by newcomers, which they viewed as eroding their own cultural integrity.

Moreover, immigrants frequently settled in crowded urban areas, leading to the development of impoverished neighborhoods that further fueled negative stereotypes. Many believed that immigrants contributed to issues such as crime and poverty, which reinforced the perception of them as liabilities to society. As a result of these attitudes, restrictive immigration laws were implemented in the 1920s, highlighting the growing sentiment that immigrants were not seen as valuable members of society despite their significant economic roles in labor-intensive industries.

The other choices imply a more positive view of immigrants. Some did see immigrants as essential for economic growth due to their role in fulfilling labor demands, and certain immigrant groups were recognized for their professional skills. However, these perspectives were often overshadowed by the prevailing negative sentiments during that period,